Topics

A narrowband spectrum is a detailed representation of a signal in the frequency domain, obtained through a Fourier analysis (e.g. using FFT). In this process, the signal is broken down into many individual, narrow…

Natura 2000 is a network of protected areas within the European Union that aims to conserve Europe’s most valuable and threatened species and habitats. It was established under the Habitats Directive and the Birds…

A natural frequency is the frequency at which a component or assembly vibrates in a natural mode when excited by an external force. The natural frequency of a component or structure depends, among other things, on…

Light pollution, insect protection, effects on humans.

The region of wave propagation in which spatial waves predominantly determine the propagation characteristics in a free field.

In a network measurement, the measurement component to be determined is measured at all points of a specified grid within the measurement cross-section.

Describes a device’s ability to receive and process a weak or unstable network signal.

Noise, vibration, and harshness

Nickel enters the air via emissions, for example from power stations or industry. Nickel is a heavy metal. It is mainly present in the air in combination with other substances and is measured as particulate matter. …

Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is a corrosive irritant gas; it causes immediate damage to the mucous membranes throughout the respiratory tract and can also irritate the eyes.

Nitrosamines can be detected and quantified by gas chromatography..

Nitrosamines are carcinogenic substances that can be formed from secondary amines through the action of nitrosating reagents. They can be found, for example, in the air, in food, in rubber products, in packaging…

Noise refers to sounds (acoustic waves) which, due to their characteristics (primarily volume), can have a disruptive, annoying or harmful effect on the environment.

Noise allotments are generally established in accordance with DIN 45691, “Noise allotment”. This standard regulates, within the context of the land-use plan, the permissible noise emission levels from commercial…

The Noise and Vibration Occupational Safety and Health Regulation (LärmVibrationsArbSchV) is designed to protect workers from actual and potential risks to their health and safety caused by noise or vibrations at…

A technique for reducing ambient noise in headphones or microphones.

Design of offices to reduce disruptive noise that may affect the employees’ ability to work. This includes, for example, sound insulation against external noise, room acoustics measures, and the reduction of noise…

Personal monitoring using a dosimeter is particularly suitable for mobile workers carrying out a wide variety of tasks and for recording noise exposure over a long period of time.

A computational noise forecast makes it possible to predict, as early as the planning stage, the noise emitted by neighbouring installations or facilities (roads, railways, industrial premises, sports facilities,…

Noise transmitted through piping and radiated into the surrounding environment. The noise radiated to the outside rarely results from sounds generated by the flow through the pipe. It is usually introduced into the…

A process designed to ensure compliance with acoustic requirements (whether statutory or project-specific). This process comprises the following steps: assessment during the tender phase, acoustic prediction of…

An efficient noise reduction concept can be developed based on a detailed acoustic analysis or detailed planning. In addition to technically feasible noise reduction measures for new and existing equipment, as many…

Measures to reduce noise emissions through design modifications to the blades (e.g., adding serrations), to turbine components (e.g. by using active dampers), or by selecting quieter operating modes. …

If noise levels in the workplace exceed the upper trigger values set out in the Noise and Vibration Regulation (LärmVibrationsArbSchV), the employer is obliged to implement a noise reduction programme. This…

In practice, the term ‘noise register’ refers to the documentation of the local noise situation. It is usually presented graphically on the basis of site plans or hall layouts. In addition to the determined sound…

A test track required for measuring the driving and engine noise of vehicles, which must be constructed in accordance with the specifications of ISO 11844 and requires regular certification.

Solving any non-linear optimisation problems.

Notification is a process whereby a competent national authority officially recognises and registers an organisation or body authorised to carry out specific tasks under EU directives or regulations. These…

The 41st BImSchV (Forty-first Regulation implementing the Federal Immission Control Act) sets out the requirements for the notification of bodies responsible for measurements and analyses. Müller-BBM is notified in…

A notified measuring station pursuant to Section 29b of the Federal Immission Control Act (BImSchG) is a testing organisation that carries out measurements of emissions and immissions at or within the impact area of…